Laurie Barclay, MD Aug. 28, 2002
Success rates of islet transplantation in diabetes mellitus are now approaching 80%, according to presentations from Aug. 27-30 at the International Congress of the Transplantation Society in Hollywood, Florida. In one trial of porcine islets mixed with sertoli cells on a subdermal stainless steel mesh, six of 12 children had functioning grafts at 20 weeks without the use of immunosuppressive drugs. Another group presented a case report of a patient successfully transplanted with islets derived from a non-heart-beating donor.
In a separate study, adding perfluorocarbon to the standard solution for cold preservation allowed successful transplantation from donors whose prolonged ischemia times would have otherwise rendered them unacceptable. New data from the International Islet Transplant Registry indicate that 28 (80%) of 35 patients remain insulin-free one year after receiving islet cell transplants alone, a marked improvement over the 14% success rate reported for 1998-2000, and a success rate comparable to that seen with whole pancreas transplantation. Mathias D. Brendel and colleagues from Giessen, Germany, analyzed 388 adult islet allograft transplantations in patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus treated at 39 institutions worldwide from 1990 through December 2001. Through December 2000, 139 simultaneous islet-kidney transplants showed persistent islet graft function in 79% at one month and in 47% at one year.
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