Children treated with 1% pimecrolimus cream have approximately half the number of flares of atopic dermatitis and need about a third less topical steroids, according to results of a multinational trial. Pimecrolimus is an ascomycin macrolactam derivative that blocks Th1- and Th2-type inflammatory cytokine release from T-lymphocytes and mast cells. Unlike topical steroids, pimecrolimus does not induce skin atrophy.
It was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2001 for the treatment of mild to moderate eczema in non-immunocompromised patients.
Dr. Ulrich Wahn, based at Humboldt University in Berlin, and colleagues enrolled patients, ages 2 to 17, whose dermatitis affected at least 5% of their total body areas. As noted in the July issue of Pediatrics, 474 were randomly assigned to treatment with pimecrolimus and 237 to a conventional treatment control group.
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