In middle-aged adults, moderate alcohol consumption is directly related to psychomotor speed and cognitive flexibility, while smoking is inversely related to these cognitive parameters, according to a report published in the November 15th issue of the American Journal of Epidemiology.
Dr. Sandra Kalmijn, from the University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands, and colleagues assessed the cognitive abilities of 1927 mostly middle-aged adults whose smoking and drinking habits had been recorded approximately 5 years earlier.
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