Failure to screen regularly for Type 1 diabetes can result in 2-3 percent of genetically at-risk children being missed.
An Australian study suggests that repeat screening for islet antibodies should be conducted throughout childhood. The proportion of children screened negative that subsequently developed islet antibodies could be reduced by more frequent screening, said researchers at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria.
They add that testing for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAb) or tyrosine phosphatase-like insulinoma antigen (1A2Ab) would not improve the detection rate. They identified 554 children who had a first-degree relative with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and whose tests were negative following initial screening at a mean 7.2 years of age.
Then, at a mean age of 11.1, 350 of the children agreed to be tested for islet cell antibodies (ICA) and insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and antibodies to GADAb and IA2Ab. The GADAb and IA2Ab also was measured in 239 samples from the first screen, which had been stored.
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