There appears to be a small beneficial effect on the skeleton of white women who are exposed to ethinyl estradiol through oral contraceptives in their premenopausal years. The effect was seen in an analysis of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study by researchers at Stanford University, Stanford, and Kaiser Permanente Medical Core Program, Oakland, California, and the University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States.
In the study, 216 white and 260 black women between the ages of 25 to 37 years had bone mineral densities measurements taken at the spine, hip and whole body by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
Three years later, whole body BMD was measured again in 369 of the women. Researchers also obtained data on the women’s oral contraceptive history, including how long they had used them and the dose of ethinyl estradiol they received.
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