High-frequency oscillatory ventilation by experienced doctors, under rigorously controlled conditions, confers a small but significant benefit in pulmonary outcome for high-risk preterm infants.
This is the finding of one of the two largest contemporary trials comparing high-frequency oscillatory and conventional mechanical ventilation in these infants.
Infants assigned to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in this multicentre United States Neonatal Ventilation Study were also successfully extubated one week earlier than were those on conventional ventilation.
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