– In young children with severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection who required mechanical ventilation, treatment with dexamethasone may significantly impair the ability of the lower respiratory tract to clear the virus, study results show.
Dr. Steven C. Buckingham of Le Bonheur Children’s Medical Center in Memphis, Tennessee and colleagues randomized 41 such children to dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg or saline placebo administered intravenously every 12 hours for 4 days.
“We chose to study intubated infants with severe RSV disease because of the uncertain clinical efficacy of steroid therapy in this population,” the authors note in the May 1st issue of The Journal of Infectious Diseases.
They report that the mean quantity of RSV in tracheal aspirates declined significantly more in placebo-treated than dexamethasone-treated infants during the first 24 to 48 hours after initiation of therapy. But by day five, one day after the last dexamethasone dose, tracheal RSV quantities were virtually identical in the two groups.
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