NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Mar 06 – Antibiotic resistance among pneumococcal isolates recovered from children with invasive infections has progressively increased in the US, results of a 6-year surveillance study indicate.
Dr. Sheldon L. Kaplan, of Texas Children's Hospital in Houston, and a multicenter US team analyzed the clinical and microbiologic features of all culture-proven invasive pneumococcal infections in infants and children cared for at eight US hospitals between September 1993 and August 1999. They documented a total of 2581 episodes of invasive pneumococcal infections in 2498 children.
Rates of penicillin resistance–minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) greater than or equal to 2 g/mL–increased fourfold from 4% to 15% between the first and the sixth year of the study. Resistance to ceftriaxone (same MIC as above) also increased roughly fourfold, from 0.5% to 2%.
Throughout the 6-year surveillance study, 30% to 35% of children received an antibiotic in the 30 days prior to diagnosis. Penicillin-resistant pneumococcal isolates were recovered in 37% of antibiotic-treated children compared with just 17.5% of children who had not received an antibiotic in the month prior to diagnosis.
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