מתוך medicontext.co.il
WESTPORT, CT (Reuters Health) – In developing countries, formula feeding is a safe alternative to breast feeding for infants of HIV-infected mothers, according to a report published in the November 21st issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Avoidance of breastfeeding is known to reduce the risk of HIV transmission. However, it was unclear whether this practice in a resource-poor setting would increase infant morbidity. Dr. Joan Kreiss, from the University of Washington in Seattle, and colleagues assessed the outcomes of 371 infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers in Nairobi, Kenya.
The mothers were randomized to breastfeed or formula feed their infants. During the first 2 years of life, the mortality rates for both groups of infants were similar, at 24.4% and 20.0%, the authors report. This held true even after controlling for HIV infection status.
Diarrhea and pneumonia rates were similar in both infant groups as was the incidence of other recorded illnesses such as measles, malaria, and sepsis, the investigators note.
HIV-1-free survival at 2 years was significantly higher in the formula group (70%) than in the breastfed group (58%). Previously, the researchers had shown that formula feeding could reduce HIV transmission by 44%. The current findings indicate that this can be achieved without increased morbidity and mortality during the first 2 years of life, they state.
"Our current analyses show that the use of formula to prevent HIV-1 transmission can be a safe and viable option even in resource poor settings, if maternal education, clean water, a supply of formula, and access to health care are available," Dr. Kreiss and colleagues conclude.
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