03/26/2002
By David Loshak
Empirical oral treatment with nitrofurantoin or nalidixic acid in children with febrile urinary tract infection is as safe and effective as intravenous therapy, according to Brazilian nephrologists.
The researchers investigated if there were longitudinal changes in the prevalence of bacteria and in the pattern of escherichia coli (e. coli) susceptibility to oral antimicrobial agents.
They collected 287 positive urine cultures from children with febrile urinary tract infection aged one month to 12 years. Cultures from three periods (1986-1989, 1990-1991 and 1997) were studied. E. coli was detected in 228 of the 287 cultures and was the most prevalent micro-organism in all three periods.
The susceptibility patterns of e. coli to nitrofurantoin (92-95 percent) and to nalidixic acid (85-95 percent) did not significantly differ between the three periods. However, there was a significant increase in e. coli susceptibility to cephalexin. The susceptibility rates were 65 percent in 1986-1989, 54 percent in 1990-1991 and 81 percent in 1997.
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