By Karla Gale
WESTPORT, CT (Reuters Health) – Women with diabetes are at nearly four times the risk of hospitalization for cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with women without diabetes, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said Thursday.
These and other findings emphasize the need for focused public health and clinical efforts to reduce risk factors associated with CVD among women with diabetes, editorialists note in the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report for November 1.
Researchers from the CDC and the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality analyzed data from the 1997 to 1999 National Health Interview Survey and the 1997 Nationwide Inpatient Sample. "Major CVD" (hypertension, heart disease, or a history of myocardial infarction, angina, or stroke) was reported by 72% of women with diabetes.
The prevalence of major CVD increased from 40.5% of diabetic women aged 18 to 44 to 85.1% of diabetic women over 75. Overall, the prevalence was twice that observed in women without diabetes.
During 1997, diabetes was a secondary diagnosis in 28% of all women with major CVD hospital discharges, the researchers found. The hospital discharge rates for this combination of disorders increased from 22.9 per 1000 women ages 18 to 44 to 332.7 per 1000 women age 75 or older.
Ed Tierney, of the CDC in Atlanta, Georgia, and co-investigator for the study, told Reuters Health, "We're going to have to see a concerted effort among people with diabetes, people in public health and health care providers, who will need to work together to improve the outcome of people with diabetes."
In line with these goals, the American Diabetes Association, in concert with the National Diabetes Education Program and the US Department of Health and Human Services, initiated a new public awareness campaign on Thursday.
Joanne Gallivan, of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease in Bethesda, Maryland, told Reuters Health, "The campaign is called 'Be smart about your heart: The ABCs of controlling diabetes'."
"Because 75% of people with diabetes die of CVD-related causes, we want them to know the importance of controlling their blood pressure and cholesterol levels as well as blood glucose levels," she said.
The goal of the campaign, Gallivan said, is for people with diabetes to know their target numbers for the hemoglobin A1c test, their blood pressure, and their cholesterol. She added, "Then physicians should talk to patients about their individual goals and what they need to do to reach those goals."
MMWR 2001;50:948-954.
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