Retinal arteriolar narrowing is independently associated with increased risk of developing diabetes in middle-age patients.
This association is seen even among people at low risk of developing diabetes such as those with no family history of the disease or without impaired fasting glucose, patients who are more physically active and people with lower adiposity measurements.
“Retinal arterioles were significantly narrower in people who subsequently developed diabetes during the ensuing 3.5 years, compared with those who did not,” say researchers from the United States, Singapore and Brazil. Retinal arteriolar narrowing is a marker of microvascular damage from aging, hypertension, inflammation and other processes. It reflects intimal thickening and medial hyperplasia, hyalinisation and sclerosis when seen histopathologically.
“Because similar arteriolar changes associated with hypertension are well documented elsewhere in the body, the retinal arterioles appear to offer insights into the state of the systemic arterioles in health and disease.”
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