Use of tamoxifen for the prevention of breast cancer is still unclear, according to a randomized controlled trial reported in the Sept. 14 issue of The Lancet.
Although a 32% breast cancer risk reduction was seen, there was also an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Because thromboembolism may be the most common adverse effect, tamoxifen is contraindicated in women at high-risk, after surgery, and during periods of immobilization. In related news, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved anastrozole as the first non-tamoxifen hormonal therapy for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer.
“Although when used as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer, tamoxifen can clearly reduce the risk of recurrence and death, at present the overall risk to benefit ratio in the preventive setting is still unclear,” lead author Jack Cuzick, from Cancer Research UK, says in a news release.
“Further long-term follow-up to study breast-cancer incidence and mortality, other causes of death, and side-effects in the current trials remains essential.” The International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (IBIS-I) involved 7,152 women from the U.K., Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, aged 35 to 70 years, who were at an increased risk of breast cancer because of family history or precancerous breast lesions. In this double-blind trial, women were randomized to receive either tamoxifen, 20 mg/day for five years, or placebo.
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