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High CD8+ Count, Age Predict Sulfonamide Skin Reactions in Patients With AIDS

In patients with AIDS, a high CD8+ cell count and age younger than 36 years are risk factors for sulfonamide-induced skin reactions, according to a report published in the July issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

Dr. Eric Caumes, from H pital de la Piti Salp tri re in Paris, and colleagues analyzed risk factors for sulfonamide-induced skin reactions in 136 patients with AIDS. The patients had been hospitalized for pneumocystosis or toxoplasmosis and had received sulfonamide as part of their treatment regimen.

Thirty-six percent of patients experienced a cutaneous drug reaction, the authors note. Patients with a CD8+ cell count greater than 460 cells/microliter and those younger than 36 years were 3.5 and 2.1 times as likely, respectively, to experience a drug eruption than their counterparts. Contrary to previous reports, glutathione deficiency, slow acetylation status, and active viral infections had no bearing on the risk of a sulfonamide skin reaction. Moreover, corticosteroid use did not prevent the development of such reactions.

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