By David Loshak
Staphylococcal proteinases may contribute to the pathogenicity of acute-phase atopic dermatitis. Investigators in Krakow, Poland, reported that staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from the colonised skin lesions of 26 patients with acute-phase atopic dermatitis had produced various extracellular proteolytic enzymes.
Using the skim-milk-agar culture plating method, the investigators showed that almost all (n=65, 97.0 percent) of the 67 strains examined produced proteolytic activity.
Nearly two-thirds (61 percent) of strains produced activity comparable to the proteolytically hyperactive reference strain staphylococcus aureus V8.
This was confirmed by azocasein degradation with culture supernatants. That indicated that 91 percent of the strains produced extracellular proteinases and that 43 percent exceeded the two percent activity threshold of the reference strain. Control strains were isolated from the nose vestibules of 18 healthy carriers.
The proteolytic activity of these strains never exceeded 2.5 percent of the activity of the reference strain. In 14 (53.8 percent) of the patients examined, the activity of the strains was more than that determined for isolates from the control group.
The combined use of assays incorporating azocasein and a synthetic chromogenic substrate, N-CBZ-Phe-Leu-Glu-pNA, showed that two staphylococcal enzymes, staphylococcus aureus metalloproteinase and staphylococcus aureus serine proteinase, contributed to the total proteolytic activity released by the strains examined.
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