There are two mechanisms of lymphocyte activation by Propionibacterium acnes cells in the inflammation of acne. Activation is both antigen driven and mitogen driven, a finding which is consistent with histological evidence of inflammation in acne lesions.
Researchers at the University of Heidelberg, Germany, and the University of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, used a lymphocyte transformation assay to detect responses to a mixture of eight Propionibacterium acnes whole cell isolates and their supernatant culture fluids.
To determine the nature of T-cell reactions to Propionibacterium acnes cells, the researchers used a mouse-antihuman major histocompatibility complex class II monoclonal antibody in the assay to inhibit the antigenic stimulation of lymphocytes. They analysed the T-cell receptor variable region with flow cytometry of the unstimulated and stimulated cells.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from adults with no history of acne responded strongly to stationary growth phase cells of Propionibacterium acnes but less strongly to cells in the exponential growth phase.
There was no response to supernatant culture fluids. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from five cord blood samples responded maximally after three and seven days of incubation with stationary growth phase cells of Propionibacterium acnes.
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