Women with epilepsy are at increased risk of experiencing reproductive dysfunction, particularly if they have idiopathic generalized epilepsy and have a recent history of valproate use.
In a study led by Martha J. Morrell, MD, from the Columbia University department of neurology, New York, New York, United States, 94 women aged 18 to 40 with epilepsy were compared with 23 women without epilepsy with respect to their ovulatory cycles. The women with epilepsy included 59 patients with localization-related epilepsy and 35 patients with idiopathic (primary) generalized epilepsy.
All were taking a single antiepileptic drug for at least six months that induced, inhibited or had no effect on the cytochrome P450 enzyme. The women were followed for three menstrual cycles. All underwent transvaginal ultrasounds and endocrine and metabolic variable measurement. Luteinizing hormone was sampled in all patients over eight hours on days 2 and 5 of one cycle.
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