The use of dopamine antagonists, a treatment for psychotic disorders, appears to be tied to a small, but significantly increased risk of breast cancer, according to a report published in the December issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
Findings from animal studies first suggested a link between dopamine antagonist use and breast cancer, the researchers report. The effect appears to be mediated by the ability of such drugs to increase prolactin levels, which have been shown to induce malignant transformation of breast tissue in experimental models. However, epidemiologic studies investigating this association in humans have been limited and have yielded inconsistent findings.
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