Novel Mutation Found to Affect Metabolism of Tegafur

06/13/2002
By Mark Moran

A novel mutation of the cytochrome P 2A6 (CYP2A6) gene found in one patient during clinical trials of a new anti-cancer drug containing tegafur appears to account for poor metabolism of the agent.

 Japanese researchers tested a drug containing tegafur and 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine, an inhibitor of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, in five gastric cancer patients. In one patient, the total area under the plasma tegafur concentration-time curve was four times what it was in the other four patients.

Alleles from the patient for the CYP2A6 genes–which are reported to metabolize tegafur to yield 5-fluorouracil–were completely sequenced. It was found that one allele was CYP2A6*4C, which was a whole deleted allele for the human CYP2A6 gene.

 The other allele was a novel mutant allele (CYP2A6*11) in which thymine at nucleotide 670 was changed to cytosine. The nucleotide change caused an amino acid change from serine at residue 224 to proline.

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