LONDON (Reuters Health) – The R-enantiomer of cetirizine, levocetirizine, reduces histamine-induced wheal, flare and itch significantly more than does loratadine, UK researchers report in the October issue of Allergy.
Dr. Geraldine F. Clough and colleagues from the University of Southampton, studied the effect of levocetirizine and loratadine in 11 healthy volunteers who had no history of allergy.
In their randomised, double-blind crossover study, the researchers gave the subjects levocetirizine 5 mg or loratadine 10 mg or placebo, 4 hours before an intradermal injection of histamine on the forearm.
When subjects received placebo before the histamine injection, the mean peak flare area was 23.01 cm², the wheal area was 248 mm² and the cumulative itch score was 28.8%.
Flare was reduced by 60%, wheal by 68% and itch by 91% when the subjects received levocetirizine (p < 0.001). However, loratadine had inconsistent effects, which were not statistically different from placebo, the investigators found.
"A single 5-mg dose of levocetirizine has been shown to be an effective and consistent inhibitor of histamine-induced inflammation in skin. In contrast, a single dose of 10 mg of loratadine afforded variable protection, being effective in some subjects, but not in others," Dr. Clough and colleagues conclude.
Allergy 2001;56:985-988.
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